ASTM A453/A453M Bolting Specification

High Temperature Precipitation Hardened Stainless Steel Bolting

ASTM A453/A453M Hex Bolts, Push Bolts, Studs, Socket Head Cap Screws, Threaded Rods, Nuts & Washers

ASTM/ASME A453/A453M specification includes five grades of bolting materials, 4 types of threads and twelve classes of yield strength ranging from 50 to 120 ksi [345 to 827 MPa] for use in high-temperature service for bolting components, such as bolts, screws, nuts, or studs, for pressure vessel and valve flanges. ASTM A453 grade 660 Fasteners are referred as high temperature bolting with co-efficient expansion similar to Austenitic Stainless Steel. A453 material specification is achieved by producing A453 steel in Argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) or vacuum Induction Melting Process that is further refined by Vacuum Arc Refining (VAR) or Electro Slag Refining (ESR) .ASTM A453 can be age hardened with both oil quench and liquid quench conditions. Unlike other precipitation hardening steels, this ASTM A453 grade 660 fasteners require Stress Rupture Testing with 100 hours minimum time to rupture. ASTM A453M stainless steel bars & bolting are available in both solution treated condition and precipitation hardened conditions. ASTM A453/A453M steel can maintain good strength and oxidation resistance at temperatures up to 1300ºF. High Temperature Precipitation Hardened Stainless Steel Bolting type such as Hex Bolts, Heavy Hex Bolts, Studs, Socket Head Cap Screws, Hex Cap Screws, Threaded Rods and Threaded Bars can be manufactured from ¼” to 4” in imperial and M6 to M100 in metric variants both fine threads and coarse threads. Bolting Components up to 6” can be provided at TorqBolt with the same certification. PED 2014/68/EC Certified ASTM A453/A453M Bolting is available exstock.

Related Specifications of ASTM A453/A453M Bolting

A638 A1014 A1082 ISO 3506-5 F2281

ASTM A453/A453M Bolting Types

Specification	Grade	UNS No.	CLASS				Type
ASTM A453/A453M	Grade 660	S66286	Class A	Class B	Class C	Class D	M1	M2	R1	R2
ASTM A453/A453M	Grade 651	S63198	Class A	Class B			M1	M2	R1	R2
ASTM A453/A453M	Grade 662	S66220	Class A	Class B			M1	M2	R1	R2
ASTM A453/A453M	Grade 665	S66545	Class A	Class B			M1	M2	R1	R2
ASTM A453/A453M	Grade 668	S66285	Class A	Class B			M1	M2	R1	R2

ASTM A453/A453M Chemical requirements

Grade	UNS Number	Elements	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Ni	Cr	Mo	W	Ti	Nb A	Al	V	B	Cu
ASTM A453 Grade 660	S66286	Content, %	0.08 max	2.00 max	0.040 max	0.030 max	1.00 max	24.0-27.0	13.5-16.0	1.00-1.50	...	1.90-2.35	...	0.35 max	0.10-0.50	0.001-0.010	...
ASTM A453 Grade 660	S66286	Product Analysis Variation, Over or Under, %	0.01 over	0.04	0.005 over	0.005 over	0.05	0.2	0.2	0.05	...	0.05	...	0.05 over	0.03	0.0004 under to 0.001 over	...
ASTM A453 Grade 651	S63198	Content, %	0.28-0.35	0.75-1.50	0.040 max	0.030 max	0.30-0.80	8.0-11.0	18.0-21.0	1.00-1.75	1.00-1.75	0.10-0.35	0.25-0.60	...	...	...	0.50 max
ASTM A453 Grade 651	S63198	Product Analysis Variation, Over or Under, %	0.02	0.04	0.005 over	0.005 over	0.05	0.15	0.25	0.05	0.05	0.05 over	0.05	...	...	...	0.03 over
ASTM A453 Grade 662	S66220	Content, %	0.08 max	0.40-1.00	0.040 max	0.030 max	0.40-1.00	24.0-28.0	12.0-15.0	2.0-3.5	...	1.80-2.10	...	0.35 max	...	0.001-0.010	0.50 max
ASTM A453 Grade 662	S66220	Product Analysis, Variation Over or Under, %	0.01 over	0.03	0.005 over	0.005 over	0.05	0.2	0.15	0.1	...	0.05	...	0.05 over	...	0.0004 under to 0.001 over	0.03 over
ASTM A453 Grade 665	S66545	Content, %	0.08 max	1.25-2.00	0.040 max	0.030 max	0.10-0.80	24.0-28.0	12.0-15.0	1.25-2.25	...	2.70-3.3	...	0.25 max	...	0.01-0.07	0.25 max
ASTM A453 Grade 665	S66545	Product Analysis Variation, Over or Under, %	0.01 over	0.04	0.005 over	0.005 over	0.05	0.2	0.15	0.1	...	0.05	...	0.05 over	...	0.01	0.03 over
ASTM A453 Grade 668	S66285	Content, %	0.08 max	2.00 max	0.040 max	0.030 max	1.00 max	17.5-21.5	13.5-16.0	1.50 max	...	2.2-2.8	...	0.50 max	0.50 max	0.001-0.010	...
ASTM A453 Grade 668	S66285	Product Analysis, Variation Over or Under, %	0.01 over	0.04	0.005 over	0.005 over	0.05	0.2	0.2	0.05	...	0.05	...	0.05 over	0.03	0.0004 under to 0.001 over	...
(A) Or columbium plus tantalum.

ASTM A453/A453M Mechanical Properties

Grade	Class	Tensile Strength, min		Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset), min		Elongation in 4× Diam, min, %	Reduction of Area, min, %	Brinell Hardness Number	Approximate Rockwell Hardness, B and C
Grade	Class	ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa	Elongation in 4× Diam, min, %	Reduction of Area, min, %	Brinell Hardness Number	min	max
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 660	A, B, and C	130	895	85	585	15	18	248-341	24 HRC	37 HRC
	D (≤2¹/₂in. [63.5 mm])	130	895	105	725	15	18	248-321	24 HRC	35 HRC
	D (>2¹/₂in. [63.5 mm])	120	825	95	655	15	18	248-321	24 HRC	35 HRC
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 651	A	100	690	70^A	485	18	35	217-277	95 HRB	29 HRC
	A	100	690	60^B	415	18	35	217-277	95 HRB	29 HRC
	B	95	655	60^A	415	18	35	212-269	93 HRB	28 HRC^C
	B	95	655	50^B	345	18	35	212-269	93 HRB	28 HRC^C
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 662	A	130	895	85	585	15	18	248-321	24 HRC	35 HRC^C
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 662	B	125	860	80	550	15	18	248-321	24 HRC	35 HRC
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 665	A	170	1170	120	830	12	15	311-388	32 HRC	41 HRC
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 665	B	155	1070	120	830	12	15	311-388	32 HRC	41 HRC
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 668	A and B	130	895	85	585	15	18	248-341	24 HRC	37 HRC
(A) Bolting material sizes 3 in. [76 mm] and under in diameter. (B) Bolting material sizes over 3 in. [76 mm] in diameter. (C) Conversion numbers taken from Specification A193/A193M, Table number 2 (austenitic steels); others by interpolation.

ASTM A453/A453M Stress Rupture Properties

Grade	Class	Test Temperature, °F [°C]	Stress, min		Time to Rupture, min, h^A	Elongation, min, %
Grade	Class	Test Temperature, °F [°C]	ksi	MPa	Time to Rupture, min, h^A	Elongation, min, %
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 660	A, B, and C	1200 [650]	56	385	100	5
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 651	A and B	1200 [650]	40	275	100	5
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 662	A and B	1200 [650]	55	380	100	5
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 665	A	1200 [650]	75	515	100	3
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 665	B	1200 [650]	70	485	100	5
(A) The combination bar specimen shown in Fig. 1 shall be tested continuously at the temperature and at the minimum stress specified or at a greater stress and shall rupture in a time not less than that specified. (A) When it is necessary to heat treat or heat treat and pickle after cold finishing, because of special hardness or mechanical property requirements, the permissible variations are generally double those shown in the table. (B) For size tolerances of sizes over 4 in. [100 mm], the manufacturer should be consulted.

Smooth-Notch Stress-Rupture Test Specimen

Specimen Dimensions	Specimen Type	Mid-length Gage Dia D and Notch-Root Dia F	Gage Length, G	Shoulder Diameter, H	Notch-Root Radius
Inches	1	0.125	0.5	0.177	0.005
	2	0.160	0.65	0.226	0.005
	3	0.178	0.75	0.250	0.005
	4	0.252	1.0	0.375	0.007
	5	0.357	1.5	0.500	0.010
	6	0.505	2.0	0.750	0.015
	Tolerance	±0.001	±0.05	±0.003	±0.0005
Millimetres	7	3.17	12.0	4.5	0.13
	8	4.06	17.0	5.5	0.13
	9	4.52	20.0	6.5	0.13
	10	6.40	25.0	9.5	0.18
	11	9.07	40.0	12.0	0.25
	12	12.8	50.0	19.0	0.38
	Tolerance	±0.025	±1.3	±0.1	±0.01

ASTM A453/A453M Heat Treatment

Annealing & Ageing Cycles

Grade Symbol	Class	Solution Treatment	Hardening Treatment
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 660	A	1650 ± 25 °F [900 ± 14 °C], hold 2 h, min, and liquid quench	1325 ± 25 °F [720 ± 14 °C], hold 16 h, air cool
	B	1800 ± 25 °F [980 ± 14 °C], hold 1 h, min, and liquid quench	1325 ± 25 °F [720 ± 14 °C], hold 16 h, air cool
	C	1800 ± 25 °F [980 ± 14 °C], hold 1 h min, and oil quench	1425 ± 25 °F [775 ± 14 °C] hold 16 h, air cool, followed by 1200 ± 25 °F [650 ± 14 °C] hold 16 h, air cool
	D	1650 ± 25 °F [900 ± 14 °C], hold 2 h min, and liquid quench or 1800 ± 25 °F [980 ± 14 °C], hold 1 h min, and liquid quench	1325 ± 25 °F [720 ± 14 °C], hold 16 h, air cool If necessary to achieve properties, second age: 1200 ± 25 °F [650 ± 14 °C] hold 16 h, air cool
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 651	A	...	hot-cold worked at 1200 °F [650 °C] min with 15 % min reduction in cross-sectional area, stress relieve at 1200 °F [650 °C] min or 4 h, min
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 651	B	...	hot-cold worked at 1200 °F [650 °C] min with 15 % min reduction of cross-sectional area, stress relieve at 1350 °F [730 °C] min for 4 h, min
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 662	A	1800 ± 25 °F [980 ± 14 °C], hold 2 h, liquid quench	1350 to 1400 °F [730 to 760 °C], hold 20 h, furnace cool to 1200 ± 25 °F [650 ± 14 °C], hold 20 h, air cool
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 662	B	1950 ± 25 °F [1065 ± 14 °C], hold 2 h, liquid quench	1350 to 1400 °F [730 to 760 °C], hold 20 h, furnace cool to 1200 ± 25 °F [650 ± 14 °C], hold 20 h, air cool
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 665	A	1800 ± 25 °F [980 ± 14 °C], hold 3 h, liquid quench	1350 to 1400 °F [730 to 760 °C], hold 20 h, furnace cool to 1200 ± 25 °F [650 ± 14 °C], hold 20 h, air cool
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 665	B	2000 ± 25 °F [1095 ± 14 °C], hold 3 h, liquid quench	1350 to 1400 °F [730 to 760 °C], hold 20 h, furnace cool to 1200 ± 25 °F [650 ± 14 °C], hold 20 h, air cool
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 668	A	1650 ± 25 °F [900 ± 14 °C], hold 2 h, min and liquid quench	1325 ± 25 °F [720 ± 14 °C], hold 16 h, air cool
ASTM A453/A453M Grade 668	B	1800 ± 25 °F [980 ± 14 °C], hold 1 h, min and liquid quench	1325 ± 25 °F [720 ± 14 °C], hold 16 h, air cool
(A) Times refer to the minimum time material is required to be at temperature.

Continuous Heat Treatment Charge Sizes

Diameter, in. [mm]	Weight, lb [kg]
To 1³/₄ [44]	3000 [1400]
Over 1³/₄ [44] to 2¹/₂ [63]	6000 [2700]
Over 2¹/₂ [63]	12000 [5400]

Lot Sizes

Diameter, in. [mm]	Maximum Lot Size, lb [kg]
1¹/₂ [38] and under	200 [90]
Over 1¹/₂ [38] to 1³/₄ [44], incl	300 [140]
Over 1³/₄ [44] to 2¹/₂ [63], incl	600 [270]
Over 2¹/₂ [63]	20 pieces

ASTM A453/A453M Bolting Surface Treatment Specifications

Renowned Brands

PTFE MOLYKOTE XYLAN 1014 XYLAN 1424 XYLAN 1070 Ceramic XYLAR 101 XYLAR 2 Dacromet

ASTM A453/A453M Bolting Components Marking

Product Shall be Marked with our manufacturing trade mark "TorqBolt" or "TB" along with the designated Grade.
Grade and manufacturer’s identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of bolts and screws of all sizes. (If the available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer’s identification symbol marked on the other end.) For bolts and screws smaller than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter and studs smaller than 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] in diameter and for 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter studs requiring more than a total of three symbols, the marking shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

Grade	Marking
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 660 CLASS A	TB 660A M1/M2/R1/R2
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 660 CLASS B	TB 660B M1/M2/R1/R2
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 660 CLASS C	TB 660C M1/M2/R1/R2
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 660 CLASS D	TB 660D M1/M2/R1/R2 NR
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 651 CLASS A	TB 651A M1/M2/R1/R2
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 651 CLASS B	TB 651B M1/M2/R1/R2
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 662 CLASS A	TB 662A M1/M2/R1/R2
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 662 CLASS B	TB 662B M1/M2/R1/R2
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 65 CLASS A	TB 665A M1/M2/R1/R2
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 665 CLASS B	TB 665B M1/M2/R1/R2
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 668 CLASS A	TB 668A M1/M2/R1/R2 NR
ASTM A453/A453M GRADE 668 CLASS B	TB 668B M1/M2/R1/R2 NR

Threads may be formed by machining or rolling. Threads may be formed after precipitation heat treatment or after solution anneal but prior to precipitation heat treatment. Type designations are as follows:

Type M1 -Threads formed by machining after precipitation heat treatment.
Type M2 - Threads formed by machining after solution anneal but prior to precipitation heat treatment.
Type R1 - Threads formed by rolling after precipitation heat treatment.
Type R2 - Threads formed by rolling after solution anneal but prior to precipitation heat treatment.

When not specified by the purchaser, the type supplied shall be the option of the manufacturer.

ASME Dimensional Standards

B18.31.2 Imperial Continious Thread, Double End Reduced & Full Body Studsh
B18.31.1M Metric Continious Thread, Double End Reduced & Full Body Studs
B18.31.3 Threaded Rods (Inch Series)
B16.5 Imperial Full Thread Stud Bolts
B16.5 Metric Full Thread Stud Bolts
B18.2.3.1M Metric Hex Cap Screws
B18.2.3.3M Metric Heavy Hex Screws
B18.2.3.5M Metric Hex Bolts
B18.3 Imperial Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws
B18.3.1M Metric Socket Head Cap Screws
B18.6.7M Metric Machine Screws

B18.2.2 Imperial Square, Hex, Heavy Hex, Lock, Heavy Hex Lock Nuts
B18.2.4.1M Metric Hex Nuts
B18.2.4.6M Metric Heavy Hex Nuts
ISO 4033 Hexagon High Nuts
ISO 4032 Hexagon Nuts
ISO 4035 Hexagon Lock Nuts

ASTM A453/A453M Bolting Certifications

EN 10204 3.1
EN 10204 3.2
PED 2014/68/EC
MERKBLATT AD 2000 W2/W7/W10
API 20 E BSL 1/ BSL 2
NACE MR 0175
NACE MR 0103

ASTM A453/A453M Testing Standards

E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
E292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range

ASME Threading Specifications

ASME B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form)
ASME B1.3 Screw Thread Gaging System for Dimensional Acceptability - Inch Screw Threads (IN, UNR, and UNJ)
ASME B1.13M Metric Screw Threads- M Profile
ASME B1.21M Metric Screw Threads - MJ Profile
ASME B1.2 Gauges & gauging for Unified Screw Threads(Imperial)

ASTM A453/A453M Permissible Variations in Size of Cold-Finished Bars

Specified Size, in. [mm]	Permissible Variations from Specified Size, in. [mm]^A
Specified Size, in. [mm]	Over	Under
Over ¹/₂ to 1 [13 to 25], excl	0.002 [0.05]	0.002 [0.05]
1 to 1¹/₂ [25 to 38], excl	0.0025 [0.06]	0.0025 [0.06]
1¹/₂ to 4 [38 to 100], incl^B	0.003 [0.08]	0.003 [0.08]
(A) When it is necessary to heat treat or heat treat and pickle after cold finishing, because of special hardness or mechanical property requirements, the permissible variations are generally double those shown in the table. (B) For size tolerances of sizes over 4 in. [100 mm], the manufacturer should be consulted.