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  4. ASTM A354 Specification

ASTM A354 Bolts Specification

Carbon Steel And Alloy Steel Structural Bolts, Studs and Threaded Rod

ASTM A354 Hex Bolts, Heavy Hex Bolts, Studs, Socket Head Cap Screws, Threaded Rods

ASTM A354 quenched and tempered Hex Bolts, Heavy Hex Bolts, Studs, Socket Head Cap Screws, Threaded Rods are manufactured at Torqbolt with a size range of 1/2 Inch through 4 Inch. These Bolts are used for application at normal atmospheric temperatures, where high strength is required and for limited application at elevated temperature. wo strength levels are covered, designated Grades BC and BD. Selection will depend upon design and the stresses and service for which the product is to be used.

Related Specifications of ASTM A354 Bolting

A193 A563 F436 F2482 F3125 F2437

Scope

 Grade of Fastener and Surface Finish Nut Grade and StyleA
ASTM A354 Grade BC, plain (or with a coating of insufficient thickness to require over-tapped nuts) C, heavy hex
ASTM A354 Grade BC, zinc-coated (or with a coating thickness requiring over-tapped nuts) DH, heavy hex
ASTM A354 Grade BD, all finishes DH, heavy hex
  • (A) Nuts of other grades and styles having specified proof load stresses (Specification A563) greater than the specified grade and style of nut are suitable.

ASTM A354 Chemical requirements

Element C Ni, min Cr, min Mo, min Mn, min Phosphorus, max S, max B, max Other Alloying Elements
Alloy Steel for ASTM A354 Grade BD Sizes over 2 1/4 in. through 4 in Heat Analysis, % 0.35-0.53 0.4 0.4 0.15 0.6 0.04 0.04 0 A
Product Analysis, % 0.33-0.55 0.38 0.38 0.15 0.57 0.04 0.05 0 A
Alloy Steel for Sizes through 4 in. for ASTM A354 Grade BC and through 2 1/4 in. for ASTM A354 Grade BD Heat Analysis, % 0.30 to 0.53 … … … 0.6 0.04 0.04 0 A
Product Analysis, % 0.28 to 0.55 … … … 0.57 0.04 0.05 0 A
  • (A) See Terminology F1789 for alloy steel definition.

ASTM A354 Mechanical Properties

Hardness Requirements for Full-Size Fasteners

Grade Size, in. Hardness
Brinell Rockwell C
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
ASTM A354 Grade BC 1/4 to 21/2 255 331 26 36
ASTM A354 Grade BC Over 21/2 235 311 22 33
ASTM A354 Grade BD All sizes 311 352 33 38

Tensile Requirements for All Full-Size Fasteners (Inch-Pound Units)

Bolt Size,
 in.		 Threads 
per inch		 Stress Area,
A in.2		 Grade BC Grade BD
Ultimate Tensile
 Load, min,
lbfB		 Proof Load, 
lbfC		 Yield Strength
 (0.2 % offset), 
min, lbfD		 Ultimate Tensile
 Load, 
min, lbE		 Ultimate Tensile
 Load, max,
lbf F		 Proof 
Load, 
lbfG		 Yield Strength
 (0.2 % offset), 
min, lbfH
1/4 20 0.0318 4 000 3 350 3 450 4 750 5 500 3 800 4 100
1/4 28 0.0364 4 550 3 820 3 950 5 450 6 300 4 350 4 700
5/16 18 0.0524 6 550 5 500 5 700 7 850 9 050 6 300 6 800
5/16 24 0.0580 7 250 6 090 6 300 8 700 10 000 6 950 7 500
3/8 16 0.0775 9 700 8 150 8 450 11 650 13 400 9 300 10 075
3/8 24 0.0878 11 000 9 220 9 550 13 200 15 200 10 500 11 400
7/16 14 0.1063 13 300 11 150 11 600 15 950 18 400 12 750 13 850
7/16 20 0.1187 14 840 12 470 12 900 17 800 20 550 14 200 15 400
1/2 13 0.1419 17 750 14 900 15 450 21 300 24 550 17 050 18 500
1/2 20 0.1599 19 990 16 790 17 400 24 000 27 650 19 200 20 750
9/16 12 0.182 22 750 19 100 19 850 27 300 31 500 21 850 23 600
9/16 18 0.203 25 400 21 400 22 100 30 400 35 100 24 400 26 350
5/8 11 0.226 28 250 23 750 24 650 33 900 39 100 27 100 29 400
5/8 18 0.256 32 000 26 800 27 900 38 400 44 300 30 700 33 250
3/4 10 0.334 41 750 35 050 36 400 50 100 57 800 40 100 43 400
3/4 16 0.373 46 600 39 100 40 650 56 000 64 550 44 800 48 450
7/8 9 0.462 57 750 48 500 50 350 69 300 79 950 55 450 60 100
7/8 14 0.509 63 600 53 400 55 450 76 400 88 000 61 100 66 150
1 8 0.606 75 750 63 650 66 050 90 900 104 850 72 700 78 800
1 12 0.663 82 900 69 700 72 250 99 400 114 700 79 600 86 150
1 14 0.679 84 900 71 300 74 400 101 900 117 500 81 500 88 250
11/8 7 0.763 95 400 80 100 83 150 114 450 132 000 91 550 99 200
11/8 8 0.790 98 750 82 950 86 200 118 500 136 700 94 800 102 700
11/8 12 0.856 107 000 89 800 93 300 128 400 148 000 102 700 111 250
11/4 7 0.969 121 150 101 750 105 600 145 350 167 650 116 300 126 000
11/4 8 1.000 125 000 105 000 109 000 150 000 173 000 120 000 130 000
11/4 12 1.073 134 100 112 600 116 950 161 000 185 600 128 800 139 450
13/8 6 1.155 144 400 121 300 125 900 173 250 199 850 138 600 150 200
13/8 8 1.233 154 150 129 450 134 400 185 000 213 300 148 000 160 300
13/8 12 1.315 164 400 138 100 143 300 197 200 227 500 157 800 170 950
11/2 6 1.405 175 650 147 550 153 150 210 750 243 100 168 600 182 500
11/2 8 1.492 186 500 156 650 162 250 233 800 258 100 175 050 194 000
11/2 12 1.581 197 600 166 000 172 300 237 200 273 500 189 700 205 500
13/4 5 1.90 237 500 199 500 207 100 285 000 328 700 228 000 247 000
13/4 8 2.08 260 000 218 400 226 700 312 000 359 800 249 600 270 000
2 41/2 2.50 312 500 262 500 272 500 375 000 432 500 300 000 325 000
2 8 2.77 346 250 290 850 301 950 415 000 480 000 332 400 360 000
21/4 41/2 3.25 406 250 341 250 354 250 487 000 562 250 390 000 422 500
21/4 8 3.56 445 000 373 800 388 050 534 000 616 000 422 200 462 800
21/2 4 4.00 500 000 420 000 436 000 600 000 692 000 480 000 520 000
21/2 8 4.44 550 000 466 200 483 950 666 000 768 100 532 800 577 200
23/4 4 4.93 566 950 468 350 488 050 739 500 853 000 591 600 640 900
23/4 8 5.43 624 450 515 850 537 550 814 500 939 400 651 600 705 900
3 4 5.97 686 550 567 150 591 050 895 500 1 032 800 716 400 776 100
3 8 6.51 748 650 618 450 644 500 976 500 1 126 200 781 200 846 300
31/4 4 7.10 816 500 674 500 702 900 1 065 000 1 228 300 852 000 923 000
31/4 8 7.69 884 350 730 550 761 300 1 153 500 1 330 400 922 800 999 700
31/2 4 8.33 957 950 791 350 824 650 1 249 500 1 441 100 999 600 1 082 900
31/2 8 8.96 1 030 400 851 200 887 050 1 344 000 1 550 100 1 075 200 1 164 800
33/4 4 9.66 1 110 900 917 700 956 350 1 449 000 1 671 200 1 159 200 1 255 800
33/4 8 10.34 1 199 100 983 300 1 023 650 1 551 000 1 788 800 1 240 800 1 344 200
4 4 11.08 1 274 200 1 052 600 1 096 900 1 662 000 1 916 800 1 329 600 1 440 400
4 8 11.81 1 358 200 1 122 000 1 169 200 1 771 500 2 043 100 1 417 200 1 535 300
  • (A) Stress Area, in.2 = 0.7854 [D − 0.9743/ n] 2 where D = nominal diameter, in., and n = threads/in.
  • (B) Based on 125 000 psi for sizes 1/4 to 21/2 in., inclusive, and on 115 000 psi for sizes over 21/2 to 4 in., inclusive.
  • (C) Based on 105 000 psi for sizes 1/4 to 21/2 in., inclusive, and on 95 000 psi for sizes over 21/2 to 4 in., inclusive.
  • (D) Based on 109 000 psi for sizes 1/4 to 21/2 in., inclusive, and on 99 000 psi for sizes over 21/2 to 4 in., inclusive.
  • (E) Based on 150 000 psi for all sizes.
  • (F) Based on 173 00 psi for all sizes.
  • (G) Based on 120 000 psi for all sizes.
  • (H) Based on 130 000 psi for all sizes.

Machined Specimens

Grade Size, in. Tensile Strength min, psi Tensile Strength max, psi Yield Strength (0.2 % offset), min, psi Elongation in 2 in. min, % Reduction of Area, min, %
ASTM A354 Grade BC 1/4 to 21/2 , incl 125 000 ... 109 000 16 50
ASTM A354 Grade BC Over 21/2 115 000 ... 99 000 16 45
ASTM A354 Grade BD All sizes† 150 000 173 000 130 000 14 40

ASTM A354 Impact Test Requirements

Impact testing shall be performed on Grade BD fasteners with nominal diameters over 2 1/4 in. Such fasteners shall have a minimum absorbed-energy of 20 ft-lbf when tested at a temperature of -4°F .

ASTM A354 Bolting Surface Treatment Specifications

A153/A153M Specification for Hot Dip Galvanising (Zinc Coating) on Iron and Steel Hardware
B633 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron and Steel
B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and Steel
B696 Specification for Coatings of Cadmium Mechanically Deposited
B766 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium
F1941/F1941M Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings on Mechanical Fasteners, Inch and Metric
F2329/F2329M Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Requirements for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts, Screws, Washers, Nuts, and Special Threaded Fasteners

ASTM A354 Bolting Components Marking

Product Shall be Marked with our manufacturing trade mark "TorqBolt" or "TB" along with the designated Grade.
Grade and manufacturer’s identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of bolts and screws of all sizes. (If the available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer’s identification symbol marked on the other end.) For bolts and screws smaller than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter and studs smaller than 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] in diameter and for 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter studs requiring more than a total of three symbols, the marking shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

Grade Grade Symbol
ASTM A354 Grade BC   TB BC
ASTM A354 Grade BD    TB BD

ASME Dimensional Standards

B18.31.2 Imperial Continious Thread, Double End Reduced & Full Body Studs
B18.31.3 Threaded Rods (Inch Series)
B16.5 Imperial Full Thread Stud Bolts
B16.5 Metric Full Thread Stud Bolts
B18.2.1 Imperial Square and Hex Bolts and Screws
B18.3 Imperial Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws

ASTM A354 Bolting Certifications

  • EN 10204 3.1
  • EN 10204 3.2
  • PED 2014/68/EC
  • MERKBLATT AD 2000 W2/W7/W10
  • API 20 E BSL 1/ BSL 2
  • NACE MR 0175
  • NACE MR 0103

ASTM A354 Testing Standards

A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
E1268 Practice for Assessing the Degree of Banding or Orientation of Microstructures
E1417/E1417M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing
E1444/E1444M Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
E2884 Guide for Eddy Current Testing of Electrically Conducting Materials Using Conformable Sensor Arrays
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
F788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
F2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered, Threaded, Steel Bolts, Screws, Studs, and Nuts

ASME Threading Specifications

ASME B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form)
ASME B1.3 Screw Thread Gaging System for Dimensional Acceptability - Inch Screw Threads (IN, UNR, and UNJ)

ASTM A354 Supplementary Requirements

S1 Marking
S2 Magnetic Particle Inspection for Longitudinal Discontinuities and Transverse Cracks